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NURS FPX 6412 Assessment 3 Manuscript for Publication

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Capella University

NURS-FPX 6412 Analysis of Clinical Information Systems and Application to Nursing Practice

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Manuscript for Publication

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are a foundation for implementing technology in healthcare. Nowadays, healthcare organizations are gradually incorporating electronic systems to improve health outcomes. Electronic Medication Administration Record (eMAR) is one of the effective EHR technologies (Bhakta et al., 2022). This extensive system automates administrative tasks such as administering drugs, scheduling pharmaceuticals, and generating prescriptions.

Significantly, this tool transforms patient care by enabling rapid delivery of essential health data and eliminating drug-related human errors (Bhakta et al., 2022). This manuscript explains several features of the eMARs, analyzes their applications, investigates options for advancement, and synthesizes their critical role in designing effective, secure, and personalized healthcare.

Evaluation of the Use of eMAR for Inter-professional Care Teams

The introduction of eMAR has changed the work system in healthcare organizations, significantly impacting multidisciplinary interaction and collaboration to improve patient safety. The eMAR technology has altered the workflow of the multidisciplinary group in the medical field (Stolic et al., 2023). It has significance in establishing an effective, productive healthcare system with improved quality care by reducing medication administration errors and related adverse events.

EMRs exhibit streamlined accessibility of information for medication, providing quick access to comprehensive medical data to all stakeholders, including nurses, medical professionals, and administrative staff (Ciapponi et al., 2021). This comprehensive repository minimizes segregated medication practices, allowing every stakeholder, such as nurses and medical personnel, to understand and analyze hazards related to medication errors. This feature of the eMAR system reduces drug-related difficulties and coordinates prescription guidance, including medication protocols.

NURS FPX 6412 Assessment 3 Manuscript for Publication

It also ensures that treatment decision-making is prompt and based on accurate patient information, including medical history (Ciapponi et al., 2021). The real-time aspect of eMAR avoids the usual delay of traditional information searching and improves pharmaceutical care by eliminating medication-related mistakes. (Ye, 2023).A significant aspect of the eMAR is the reduction of ambiguity and confusion, a well-known issue that hampers care quality and causes unintended adverse patient effects (Bano et al., 2023).

The eMAR promotes multi-disciplinary communication, reducing drug errors and minimizing the consequences of unexpected side effects. It ensures a consistent, current condition of patients accessible to every stakeholder (Moghadam et al., 2021). The eMAR reports, such as prescriptions, dosages, and health test results, are transmitted live to keep every employee updated (Moghadam et al., 2021). The eMAR significantly improves collaboration among interdisciplinary professionals, resulting in improved patient outcomes. EMRs significantly minimize the nurse’s and administrative staff’s healthcare burden through automation functions (Zhou et al., 2021). 

Analysis of Enhanced Information System Workflows Promoting Safe Practice and Quality Outcomes

Incorporating the eMAR system in the healthcare organization brings proficient change in patient-centered care related to the medication process. This system makes workflow efficient by incorporating features related to data documentation and reporting, improving healthcare (Ye, 2023). The benchmark feature of the eMAR system is its ability to provide immediate and current patient information. Through this system, medical personnel from any field and sector of healthcare organization have rapid access to the latest and real-time patient health information (Ye, 2023).

The details include pharmaceutical delivery protocols, drug administration schedules, and health history (Herasevich et al., 2020). This quick availability of information leads to more informed medical care decisions, which reduces the frequency of mishaps and medication errors. For example, a medical specialist administering novel drugs can be instantly informed about potential drug interactions or reactions, avoiding severe side effects (Herasevich et al., 2020).

NURS FPX 6412 Assessment 3 Manuscript for Publication

Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) components in eMAR can increase the security of medications and lower drug-related costs (Moghadam et al., 2021). It includes an extensive spectrum of digital techniques to enhance patients’ security and well-being. These features are automated alerts and suggestions on medication selection, dose, medication schedule, drug interaction, side effects, and the requirement for additional prescriptions (Moghadam et al., 2021). The eMAR bar code scanning tool is critical in efficiently adjusting healthcare organization workflow and quality outputs. The barcode tool incorporated in the eMAR system avoids pharmaceutical errors and enhances patient safety (Mulac et al., 2021). 

By barcode scanning on the drugs, this technology automates the authentication procedure, supporting nurses in verifying the ‘five rights’ of drug delivery, that is, the precise medication and dose through a precise route given to the right patient at the accurate time (Mulac et al., 2021). Healthcare systems have extensively supported system installation to avoid the repercussions of medicine administration errors on patients, promoting safe practice (Mulac et al., 2021). Such coordinated abilities enable a more proactive care method, enabling immediate actions before a patient’s admission to a medical facility. This system reduces hospitalizations and the probability of serious complications related to delayed or inadequate prescription information (Dwivedi et al., 2022).

Evaluation of eMAR Alignment with Organizational Strategic Plan

The widespread use of electronic health has resulted in the introduction of numerous new tools to the medical care system, such as the eMAR system. It is a crucial tool supporting the strategic goals of modern healthcare organizations and practice settings. First and foremost, the demand for the eMAR reflects their strategic focus on the safety of patients and quality of care. One of the primary goals of healthcare organizations is to reduce drug errors and offer evidence-based quality healthcare (Sutton et al., 2020). The eMAR is helpful because of its extensive database for data storage and real-time access to medical professionals.

Through eMAR, practitioners can make informed decisions and have a comprehensive understanding of the patient’s medical history, medication details, ongoing treatments, and drug potential interactions; all these factors contribute to improving the standard of care. Furthermore, cost reduction is another aspect of a healthcare organization’s strategic plan. The eMAR system is cost-effective (Sutton et al., 2020). 

The eMAR has replaced the traditional paper-based system for medication records, drug scheduling, and prescriptions.  This traditional system causes misconceptions and errors related to medication (Tsai et al., 2020). Conventional paper-based systems, filled with inconsistencies and errors, frequently result in increased expenses because of inaccuracies or repetitions. This traditional record system results in an increased burden of work on nurses and other staff, increasing time invested in maintaining records of medication (Tsai et al., 2020). The eMAR optimizes management processes and allows medical providers to devote significant time to patient care (Ding & Peng, 2020).

NURS FPX 6412 Assessment 3 Manuscript for Publication

Another goal of a healthcare organization’s strategic plan is the privacy and protection of patient-sensitive information and medical records; the eMAR system supports this goal (Oliveira et al., 2023). The confidentiality of patient information is critical to effective healthcare management. In light of these problems, implementing eMAR is critical to preventing cyber threats and improving patient information confidentiality and confidence in healthcare (Oliveira et al., 2023). The eMAR, compared to traditional paper-based records, provides security to health information through different tools and software, including encryption, Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC), and verification (Oliveira et al., 2023). 

Data-driven insights have emerged as the benchmark for assessing the efficacy of treatments, improving medication administration, and supporting this strategic partnership. Patient outcomes have improved noticeably due to the eMAR’s integration with healthcare organization strategy. Manias et al. (2020) found that incorporating eMAR increases patient satisfaction and trust in the organization.

Furthermore, a significant decrease in hospital readmissions and hospital stays and a reduction in adverse events represent the efficiency of the eMAR system regarding medication errors. Sutton et al. (2020) stated that the eMAR system with CDSS feature lowered testing resource consumption and saved $717,538 annually by decreasing hospital stays and preventing the death of patients because of medication errors.

Recommendations for eMAR Improvement to Support Stakeholder Needs

In implementing and improving the eMAR system to support the healthcare stakeholders effectively, one of the significant challenges is managing the eMAR system (Lei et al., 2023). The adequate management of the eMAR system needs expertise and skills related to software management and system updates. Training and education interventions are recommended for nurses and other medical staff to overcome this challenge and improve their expertise and knowledge about the eMAR system (Sessions et al., 2020). Various educational modules, including simulation experiences, open discussion, and participant feedback, effectively enhance nurses’ and other care providers’ understanding of features, functions, and related updates of the eMAR system (Sessions et al., 2020).

For improving the healthcare system and eMAR according to the needs of stakeholders, collaboration and interaction among multidisciplinary groups are essential (Zhou et al., 2021). For adequate functioning of eMAR, collaboration is crucial to provide holistic patient care by avoiding drug administration and other medication errors. Furthermore, interdisciplinary collaboration ensures the secure and precise transfer of patient data among different departments of the healthcare organization, resulting in improved health outcomes (Zhou et al., 2021). 

With the advancement of technology, digital healthcare services have become efficient and promote medical outcomes. Several tools and systems integrated into the eMAR system make it effective in maximizing its efficiency. For instance, CDSS, bar code scanning features, and real-time recording are critical to improving patient satisfaction and safety (Ye, 2023). These tools can track patient information in actual time, recognize possible safety risks, anticipate patient requirements, and provide proactive treatment options. For example, when prescribing new medications, immediate data analysis can warn medical professionals of adverse reactions to drugs or sensitivities based on a patient’s condition (Ye, 2023). The eMAR improved patient outcomes, such as hospitalization rate and mortality, reducing medication errors (Sutton et al., 2020).

Strategizing for Optimal eMAR Usage: A Brief Summary

Electronic healthcare advancement, such as the eMAR tool, has brought a profound change in the workflow of the medical organization, elevating the quality of patient-centered care. The eMAR serves as a framework for improving patient safety and healthcare outcomes through a centralized database platform and real-time analysis of medication (Mulac et al., 2021).

Barcode scanning integrated into the eMAR has mitigated human errors related to drug administration, resulting in enhanced patient satisfaction and trust in healthcare organizations during care (Naidu & Alicia, 2019). However, the prospect of eMAR extends beyond their fundamental functions. Their strategic relationship with the goals of healthcare organizations is critical for the successful delivery of medical services. For instance, real-time reporting and CDSS can detect and reduce medication risks before they occur, thus boosting patient safety (Ye, 2023).

Furthermore, professional development training and educational activities ensure medical personnel can use eMAR expertise to improve healthcare efficiency (Sessions et al., 2020). To summarize, eMAR serves as the foundation for today’s medical care system, advocating patient safety, satisfaction, and quality of treatment when properly introduced and managed. For adequate management of eMAR, collaboration and communication among the multidisciplinary teams are significant (Zhou et al., 2021).

Conclusion

In conclusion, the comprehensive analysis of implementing the eMAR system in the healthcare organization brings a profound change in the workflow. The features of the eMAR enable the stakeholders to improve the healthcare setting and patient outcomes. The eMAR supports the organization in its strategic goals, enhancing the collaboration among the interdisciplinary teams, reducing costs, and protecting patient data. There is a need for adequate management and training of medical staff to handle the system updates and maximize the efficiency of the eMAR system. Lastly, integrating eMAR reduces medication errors, resulting in efficient care quality and patient safety and enhancing the productivity of healthcare organizations.

References

Bano, T., Haq, N., Nasim, A., Saood, M., Tahir, M., Yasmin, R., & Shafi, M. (2023). Evaluation of medication errors in patients with kidney diseases in Quetta, Pakistan. PLoS One, 18(8), e0289148. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289148

Bhakta, S. B., Deyhim, N., Zafar, N., & Abbasi, G. A. (2022). Implementation and evaluation of an EHR-integrated mobile dispense tracking technology in a large academic tertiary hospital. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 79(18), 1562-1569. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/zxac154

Ciapponi, A., Nievas, S. E. F., Seijo, M., Rodríguez, M. B., Vietto, V., García-Perdomo, H. A., & Garcia-Elorrio, E. (2021). Reducing medication errors for adults in hospital settings. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (11). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009985.pub2

Ding, X., & Peng, X. (2022). The impact of electronic medical records on the process of care: Alignment with complexity and clinical focus. Decision Sciences, 53(2), 348-389. https://doi.org/10.1111/deci.12485

Dwivedi, R., Mehrotra, D., & Chandra, S. (2022). Potential of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) applications in building a smart healthcare system: A systematic review. Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 12(2), 302-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobcr.2021.11.010

Herasevich, V., Dziadzko, M., & Pickering, B. W. (2020). Clinical decision support. Neurocritical Care Informatics: Translating Raw Data into Bedside Action, 149-171. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59307-3_8

NURS FPX 6412 Assessment 3 Manuscript for Publication

Lei, K. C., Loi, C. I., Cen, Z., Li, J., Liang, Z., Hu, H., & Ung, C. O. L. (2023). Adopting an electronic medication administration system in long-term care facilities: A key stakeholder interview study in Macao. Informatics for Health and Social Care, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538157.2023.2165084

Manias, E., Kusljic, S., & Wu, A. (2020). Interventions to reduce medication errors in adult medical and surgical settings: A systematic review. Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety, 11, 2042098620968309. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042098620968309

Moghadam, S. T., Sadoughi, F., Velayati, F., Ehsanzadeh, S. J., & Poursharif, S. (2021). The effects of clinical decision support system for prescribing medication on patient outcomes and physician practice performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BioMed Central Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 21(1), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-020-01376-8

Mulac, A., Mathiesen, L., Taxis, K., & Granås, A. G. (2021). Barcode medication administration technology use in hospital practice: A mixed-methods observational study of policy deviations. British Medical Journal Quality & Safety, 30(12), 1021-1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2021-013223

Naidu, M., & Alicia, Y. L. Y. (2019). Impact of bar-code medication administration and electronic medication administration record system in clinical practice for an effective medication administration process. Health, 11(05), 511.
https://doi.org/10.4236/health.2019.115044

Oliveira, M. T. D., Verginadis, Y., Reis, L. H., Psarra, E., Patiniotakis, I., & Olabarriaga, S. D. (2023). AC-ABAC: Attribute-based access control for electronic medical records during acute care. Expert Systems with Applications, 213, 119271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2022.119271

Sessions, L., Nemeth, L. S., Catchpole, K., & Kelechi, T. (2020). Use of simulation-based learning to teach high-alert medication safety: A feasibility study. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 47, 60-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2020.06.013

NURS FPX 6412 Assessment 3 Manuscript for Publication

Stolic, S., Ng, L., & Sheridan, G. (2023). Electronic medication administration records and nursing administration of medications: An integrative review. Collegian, 30(1), 163-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2022.06.005

Sutton, R. T., Pincock, D., Baumgart, D. C., Sadowski, D. C., Fedorak, R. N., & Kroeker, K. I. (2020). An overview of clinical decision support systems: Benefits, risks, and strategies for success. Nature Partner Journal Digital Medicine, 3(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-020-0221-y

Tsai, C. H., Eghdam, A., Davoody, N., Wright, G., Flowerday, S., & Koch, S. (2020). Effects of electronic health record implementation and barriers to adoption and use: A scoping review and qualitative analysis of the content. Life, 10(12), 327. https://doi.org/10.3390%2Flife10120327

Ye, J. (2023). Patient safety of perioperative medication through the lens of digital health and artificial intelligence. Journal of Medical Internet Research Perioperative Medicine, 6, e34453. https://doi.org/10.2196/34453

Zhou, Y., Li, Z., & Li, Y. (2021). Interdisciplinary collaboration between nursing and engineering in health care: A scoping review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 117, 103900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103900

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