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BIOS 242 Week 6 Disease Worksheet

BIOS 242 Week 6 Disease Worksheet

Student Name

Chamberlain University

BIOS-242 Fundamentals of Microbiology

Prof. Name:

Date

Disease Name and Pathogen Information

Disease NamePathogen NameDistinctive Characteristics of PathogenType of Pathogen
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin SyndromeStaphylococcus aureusGram-positive, nonmotile coccus, withstands extreme conditions like high salt and temperaturesBacterial
Necrotizing FasciitisStreptococcus pyogenes and/or Staphylococcus aureusGram-positive coccus, beta-hemolytic, produces superantigensBacterial
Chickenpox and ShinglesHerpes zoster (Varicella-Zoster Virus)Double-stranded DNA virus, can fuse cells, latent in gangliaViral
Trachoma (Eye Infection)Chlamydia trachomatisGram-negative, aerobic, coccoid or rod-shaped, intracellularBacterial
Bacterial MeningitisNeisseria meningitidisGram-negative diplococci, has a polysaccharide capsule, produces endotoxinsBacterial
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD)PrionsInfectious proteins (PrPSC) that convert normal proteins into abnormal formsPrion
SepticemiaVarious bacteria (Gram-positive and Gram-negative)Bacteria that release endotoxins and cause widespread inflammationBacterial/Fungal
EndocarditisStaphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and othersInfection of heart valves, commonly through parenteral entryBacterial
Lyme DiseaseBorrelia burgdorferiComplex nutritional requirements, antigenic shifting, transmitted by ticksBacterial
Epstein-Barr Virus (Mononucleosis)Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)Lymphotropic DNA virus, capable of latency in host cellsViral

Body System Affected, Virulence Factors, and Signs & Symptoms

Disease NameBody System AffectedVirulence FactorsSigns and Symptoms
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin SyndromeSkinExfoliative toxins A and B, disrupts cell-to-cell bindingReddening, blistering, peeling skin
Necrotizing FasciitisSkin, BloodstreamSuperantigens cause massive T cell stimulation, cytokine releaseFever, severe pain, necrosis, organ failure
Chickenpox and ShinglesSkin, Nervous SystemLatency in ganglia, reactivation in nerve cellsFever, rash (chickenpox), painful vesicles (shingles)
Trachoma (Eye Infection)EyesIntracellular growth, immune response causes scarringConjunctivitis, eye discharge, eyelid scarring
Bacterial MeningitisCentral Nervous System (brain, spinal cord)Polysaccharide capsule, endotoxin, piliHeadache, fever, stiff neck, sensitivity to light
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD)Central Nervous SystemPrions, induce protein misfoldingMemory loss, behavioral changes, muscle contractions
SepticemiaWhole Body (Bloodstream)Endotoxins from Gram-negative bacteria, inflammatory cytokinesFever, chills, rapid breathing, altered mental state
EndocarditisHeart (endocardium, valves)Invasive bacterial adherenceFever, heart murmur, fatigue, shortness of breath
Lyme DiseaseSkin, Musculoskeletal, Nervous SystemsAntigenic variation, adhesion to host cellsRash, fever, headache, joint pain
Epstein-Barr Virus (Mononucleosis)Lymphatic SystemLatent infection in B cellsSore throat, fever, lymphadenopathy, fatigue

Pathogenesis, Epidemiology, Treatment & Prevention

Disease NamePathogenesis and EpidemiologyDisease Treatment and PreventionAdditional Information
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin SyndromeToxins spread through bloodstream, often originating from eye, throat, or impetigoAntibiotics like cloxacillin, proper hygiene for preventionMortality in adults is high; transmission through contact
Necrotizing FasciitisInfection spreads rapidly from skin to deeper tissues, can lead to sepsisBroad-spectrum antibiotics, surgery to remove necrotic tissueHigh mortality if untreated; usually affects immunocompromised individuals
Chickenpox and ShinglesInitial infection in respiratory tract, latent in ganglia, reactivates as shinglesVaccination for both, acyclovir for shingles, self-limiting for chickenpoxChickenpox incidence decreased with vaccination, but shingles remain common
Trachoma (Eye Infection)Spread via direct contact, flies as mechanical vectors, endemic in some regionsAzithromycin, proper sanitation and hygieneLeading cause of preventable blindness globally
Bacterial MeningitisRespiratory droplets lead to bacteremia, which can invade meningesBroad-spectrum antibiotics, MCV4 vaccine for preventionAffects young children, close-contact transmission
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD)Prions spread via consumption of infected meat from cattleNo treatment; avoid infected meatsExtremely rare, but fatal; linked to BSE (Mad Cow Disease)
SepticemiaBacteria multiply in blood, release endotoxins leading to widespread inflammationBroad-spectrum antibiotics initially, followed by targeted treatmentMortality rate is high without immediate intervention
EndocarditisOften follows invasive procedures or drug use, infects heart valvesProphylactic antibiotics for high-risk procedures, surgery for severe casesIncreased incidence among drug users; may require surgery
Lyme DiseaseTransmitted by tick bites, bacteria infects multiple body systemsDoxycycline, amoxicillin; prevent by avoiding ticksCommon in regions with high tick populations, such as the northeastern U.S.
Epstein-Barr Virus (Mononucleosis)Spread via saliva, latent infection in B lymphocytesSymptomatic treatment, occasionally surgical intervention if spleen rupturesOver 90% of adults have been infected globally, often asymptomatically

References

CDC. (2023). Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

National Institute of Health. (2023). Necrotizing Fasciitis.

World Health Organization. (2022). Chickenpox and Shingles: Prevention and Control.

CDC. (2023). Trachoma.

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2023). Meningitis.

BIOS 242 Week 6 Disease Worksheet

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2023). Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease.

Mayo Clinic. (2023). Septicemia.

American Heart Association. (2023). Endocarditis.

CDC. (2023). Lyme Disease.

Mayo Clinic. (2023). Infectious Mononucleosis.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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