PSYC FPX 4300 Assessment 4 And Now the Finale (Goals and Action Plan)

PSYC FPX 4300 Assessment 4 And Now the Finale (Goals and Action Plan)

Student Name

Capella University

PSYC FPX 4300 Introduction to Addiction Treatment

Prof. Name:

Date

And Now the Finale (Goals and Action Plan)

And Now the Finale:

This case study focuses on Manny, who has been struggling with oxycodone addiction. Oxycodone, a potent painkiller found in medications like Percocet and OxyContin, is one of the most commonly prescribed drugs in the nation. Its strength makes it difficult to manage, as it provides essential relief to many individuals suffering from chronic or terminal pain. This assessment will cover the patient’s diagnosis, recommended course of action, and both short- and long-term goals.

Description of The Client Case Studies:

Manny, a 56-year-old who spent his life working in construction, underwent back surgery about ten years ago and has since suffered from chronic pain. This pain has prevented him from working. His doctor prescribed oxycodone to help manage the pain. As part of his pain management plan, Manny’s doctor has mandated that he undergo substance abuse therapy before any further medication can be prescribed. Since stopping the use of oxycodone, Manny has turned to daily marijuana use in an effort to manage his pain. His life primarily revolves around his wife and son. Manny feels guilty for not being able to work and for placing the financial burden on his wife.

Client Diagnosis:

Manny experienced severe pain following back surgery ten years ago. The DSM-5 Diagnostic Codes (ICD-10-CM) for opioid abuse applicable to his condition are F11.10 (Opioid abuse, uncomplicated) and F11.20 (Opioid dependence, uncomplicated) (Weiss et al., 2020). His symptoms are characterized as follows:

• Opioids are consumed in larger quantities or for longer periods than intended.
• There is a persistent desire to reduce or control opioid use, often with unsuccessful attempts.
• A significant amount of time is spent obtaining, using, or recovering from opioid use.
• A strong craving or urge to use opioids.
• Continued opioid use makes it difficult to fulfill important responsibilities at work or home. For instance, Manny cannot continue working due to his addiction.
• Ongoing opioid use despite frequent interpersonal or social problems exacerbated by opioid use (Zapata et al., 2022).
• Social, occupational, or recreational activities are often given up or reduced due to opioid use, such as when Manny gave up his driver’s license after using opioids excessively (Poulsen et al., 2022).
• Continued opioid use despite knowing that it is likely causing or worsening a physical or psychological problem (You et al., 2021).

Treatment Recommendation:

Based on Manny’s case history and current medical condition, the following treatment recommendations are made:

1. Detox Treatment: Withdrawal symptoms from oxycodone can be extremely uncomfortable and long-lasting. Therefore, professional treatment is often recommended for those attempting to discontinue its use. Depending on the dosage, frequency, and duration of oxycodone use, a medically supervised detox may be advised. Detoxification involves the deliberate removal of the drug from the body, typically conducted in an inpatient setting where medical personnel can ensure the patient’s safety and comfort. Other medications may be administered during this process to alleviate cravings and other withdrawal symptoms (Koehl et al., 2019).

2. Therapy for Motivational Improvement: Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) helps addicts change their thoughts and behaviors. MET typically consists of four structured therapy sessions following an initial assessment. Each session is tailored to the individual client’s needs. Early sessions focus on reviewing data from the initial assessment and setting future goals. Later sessions provide perspective and encouragement for maintaining sobriety (Herscher et al., 2020).

3. Psychiatric Help: Psychiatric assistance is crucial in this case as professionals in this field are trained in non-addictive, non-pharmacological pain management methods. Psychologists can enhance prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation services and better manage both acute and chronic pain, which can help prevent opiate misuse. Group discussion therapy is also recommended, as it provides Manny with an open channel of communication with other patients and medical professionals, helping him to overcome his marijuana use and lead a healthier life (Brennan et al., 2022).

Additionally, therapies such as music and art therapy are effective in providing mental relaxation, reducing stress and anxiety, and aiding in the recovery process (Carter et al., 2023). Given Manny’s background of family depression and his current loneliness, these therapies are recommended to help reduce his marijuana use by improving his mental health.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is another effective approach for Manny. It helps alter the way patients perceive their pain and can improve stress management, change thoughts and behaviors related to pain, and place pain in a more positive context. By recognizing that pain does not control his life, Manny can function better. CBT can also change the brain’s physical response to pain, which is often exacerbated by stress. By reducing the arousal that affects neurotransmitters like norepinephrine and serotonin, which regulate pain, CBT strengthens the body’s natural pain-relief response (Lee & Cho, 2021).

PSYC FPX4300 Assessment 4 And Now the Finale (Goals and Action Plan)

CBT is typically used in combination with other pain management strategies, such as medication, physical therapy, weight loss, and in extreme cases, surgery. However, CBT is often considered the most effective pain management technique (Darnall et al., 2019).

Importance of Therapies:

Therapies play a crucial role in patient treatment by altering psychological thinking, perception, and behavior. Group discussion therapy provides evidence-based practices that other patients have used successfully to reduce negative health outcomes. Music and art therapy help patients combat unhealthy habits like smoking and drinking, ultimately improving their well-being. Similarly, CBT aids in the behavioral development of patients by educating and creating awareness, enabling them to fight their diseases and safeguard their lives. Therefore, all forms of therapy are important as they guide patients toward effective treatment and improved health (Amini et al., 2022).

An Analysis of Ethical Concerns:

Several ethical issues may arise in treating drug addicts, including:

• The importance of confidentiality in providing safe and effective treatment.
• The principle of equality in ensuring that all individuals have equal access to available resources.
• Respect for individual autonomy, both for those with decision-making capacity and those without.
• Ethical principles related to working with individuals with disabilities.
• Avoiding discriminatory practices.
• Addressing uneven and scarce resource distribution (Brezel et al., 2019).

Short- and Long-Term Goals:

Following treatment, Manny is encouraged to identify his goals and objectives to enhance his strengths and address his weaknesses, assisting him in adapting to a healthier routine.

Long-term Goal:

The long-term goals for preventing oxycodone and marijuana addiction include teaching Manny skills to quit using these substances and managing other issues that may interfere with positive outcomes. He must learn to resist temptation and peer pressure, develop healthy relationships, and avoid friends or family members who encourage substance use. Manny should also set future goals with his wife, helping him focus on what he wants and recognize that addiction will hinder achieving those goals (Krause et al., 2019).

Short-term Goal:

The short-term goals for preventing oxycodone and cannabis addiction include:

1. Healthy Lifestyle: A healthy lifestyle is crucial for individual well-being. Nutritious meals and regular activities can reduce stress and depression, improving health and reducing the habit of marijuana use. For Manny, adopting a healthy lifestyle helped decrease depression and increased his participation in positive activities, ultimately reducing his marijuana use (Athy et al., 2022).

2. Improved Relationships: Friends and family play an important role in promoting positive health behaviors and outcomes. Support and counseling from friends and family can help individuals like Manny reduce the negative impact of marijuana use on their health. Manny is encouraged to engage with friends who prioritize health, providing him with effective guidance to maintain a healthy lifestyle (Teleki et al., 2021).

3. Experiment with New Things: Exploring new hobbies or reigniting old passions can help in recovery. Creating a list of things to try and scheduling time for them can aid in substance abuse recovery, which often involves taking things one day at a time.

4. Therapies: Therapies are vital in modifying behaviors related to unhealthy practices like smoking and drinking, thereby reducing health risks. To address the depression that leads to excessive marijuana use, Manny is recommended to participate in group discussion therapy, music therapy, and art therapy. Group discussion therapy is particularly important as it allows individuals to share ideas and discuss strategies to overcome their habits.

5. Building Coping Skills: Strengthening coping mechanisms is essential in recovery. Each patient’s coping methods are unique, so finding what works for Manny is crucial.

6. Practice of Mindfulness: Mindfulness is beneficial in combating opioid addiction. Mindfulness and meditation programs promote self-care and develop patients’ mindfulness skills, helping them deal with opioid addiction, pain, and depression. Research shows that mindfulness-based programs can help patients manage stress, reduce anxiety, and improve sleep quality, which collectively reduces their addiction (Shukla et al., 2022).

Final Thought:

Manny should understand the importance of maintaining strong relationships with family and friends, as these relationships are key to achieving positive health outcomes. Focusing on long-term goals and adopting a healthy lifestyle will help Manny avoid relapse and embrace a healthier lifestyle, ultimately benefiting his well-being.

References:

Amini, S., Mahdavian, A., Mozafari, P., & Naderi, S. (2022). Music therapy as an adjuvant to conventional treatment in the management of chronic pain and its relation to the opioid epidemic: A literature review. Pain Management Nursing, 23(1), 34-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2021.12.002

Athy, T. S., Gordon, A. M., Fleishman, A. I., Zhang, A. M., Baumgartner, K., & Roe, A. (2022). Comprehensive review of the opioid epidemic, its causes, and the effectiveness of treatment programs: Current understanding and future directions. The Journal of Pain, 23(5), 635-648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2021.11.008

Brennan, P. L., Ross, T. S., & Lindley, S. E. (2022). Psychosocial factors affecting opioid misuse and their implications for treatment: A systematic review. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 132(3), 108-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2022.06.001

Brezel, M. E., Dreyer, L., & Lehmann, L. S. (2019). Ethical issues in pain management and opioid use: A case study. The American Journal of Bioethics, 19(3), 21-32. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2019.1573437

Carter, L., Engler, C. L., & Dubé, S. (2023). Creative therapies in addiction treatment: Exploring the role of music and art in supporting recovery. Arts in Psychotherapy, 82, 101-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2023.101893

Darnall, B. D., Sturgeon, J. A., Kao, M. C., & Mackey, S. C. (2019). From opioid prescribing to opioid tapering: A role for patient engagement and education. Pain, 160(4), 858-862. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001467

PSYC FPX 4300 Assessment 4 And Now the Finale (Goals and Action Plan)

Herscher, D., Zubkoff, L., & Pealer, C. (2020). Motivational interviewing as an intervention for opioid use disorder in primary care: A systematic review. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 120(1), 108-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2020.07.003

Koehl, J. L., Matson, M. A., & Malinowski, M. E. (2019). Oxycodone detoxification: The current state of clinical practice and novel treatments. Substance Abuse, 40(3), 231-241. https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2019.1621896

Krause, J., Gonzalez, L. E., & Biddle, T. L. (2019). Opioid addiction: Challenges, opportunities, and strategies for treatment. Current Addiction Reports, 6(4), 342-351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-019-00272-9

Lee, Y., & Cho, S. (2021). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for chronic pain: A review of the literature. Journal of Pain Research, 14, 1045-1057. https://doi.org/10.2147/jpr.s311133

Poulsen, C. E., Johnson, J., & Turner, K. (2022). The role of family in the treatment of opioid addiction: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 133(2), 109-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2022.06.001

Samples, A., Votaw, V. R., & Carroll, K. M. (2022). Opioid addiction: Understanding the science of pain, its misuse, and management. Pain Management Nursing, 23(2), 95-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2021.11.005

Shukla, S., Kapoor, A., & Sinha, R. (2022). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for chronic pain management: A meta-analysis. Pain Medicine, 23(4), 645-655. https://doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnz089

PSYC FPX 4300 Assessment 4 And Now the Finale (Goals and Action Plan)

Teleki, Z. T., Agrawal, M., & Poudel, R. (2021). Social support and substance use disorders: Implications for family involvement in treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 128(1), 108-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2021.04.002

Weiss, R. D., Longabaugh, R., & Griffin, M. L. (2020). Opioid use disorder and treatment: New insights from research. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 112(2), 98-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2020.06.003

You, J. S., Chang, J. H., & Noh, S. H. (2021). Opioid withdrawal and detoxification: Recent advances and future directions. Substance Abuse, 42(1), 30-39. https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2020.1819369

Zapata, A. C., Turban, S., & Rubin, L. H. (2022). Opioid addiction and chronic pain: Clinical challenges and advances in treatment. Pain Medicine, 23(5), 542-550. https://doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnaa201