BIO FPX 1000 Assessment 2 Neuromuscular Lab

BIO FPX 1000 Assessment 2 Neuromuscular Lab

Student Name

Capella University

BIO FPX 1000 Human Biology

Prof. Name:

Date

Neuromuscular Lab

The neuromuscular laboratory plays a crucial role in diagnosing muscle and nerve disorders. Services provided by the lab include immunological testing for autoimmune conditions, particularly those linked to neuronal antigens associated with brain disorders, as well as histopathology screening for muscle and nerve tissue samples. This assessment focuses on eye exams and the risks associated with not having regular checkups. Significant improvements in areas such as color vision, knee reflex, and pupil size are also highlighted.

The Importance of a Yearly Eye Exam

Yearly eye exams are essential not only for maintaining sharp vision but also for monitoring overall eye health. Many eye diseases, particularly in their early stages, do not present evident symptoms, making annual exams crucial for early detection. Without these exams, individuals may mistakenly believe their vision is fine when, in fact, they may have underlying issues. Regular comprehensive eye checkups are vital for safeguarding vision and preventing eye diseases. Additionally, these exams can reveal broader health issues such as hypertension and diabetes. Everyone, especially those over 40 or 50, should have an annual eye exam to ensure their eyes are healthy and their vision is clear (Morthen et al., 2021).

Consequences of not Having a Yearly Eye Exam

Failing to undergo annual eye exams can lead to the development of conditions such as macular degeneration, glaucoma, and vision loss. Early diagnosis of myopia is crucial for timely treatment, reducing the likelihood of worsening over time. Eye diseases like glaucoma often present few clear symptoms, with partial blindness frequently being the earliest and most challenging symptom to diagnose (Stein et al., 2021).

Why Doctors Measure Reflexes During the Diagnostic Exam

Reflex tests are critical when neurodevelopmental symptoms are present above the neck. In many cases of neuromuscular disease, a proper bedside diagnosis can be made using reflex testing. This method provides pinpoint accuracy that other testing procedures cannot achieve, helping to determine whether a patient should be referred to a neurologist, neurosurgeon, or orthopedic specialist (West, 2023).

Consequences

Neglecting reflex checks during diagnostic eye tests can result in undiagnosed infections and illnesses, delaying timely treatment and potentially exacerbating eye problems that could lead to brain trauma if untreated (West, 2023).

Symptoms and Results of Patient 1

Identified Resolution

Colorblindness, particularly inherited forms, remains a common condition with no known treatment. Most individuals find ways to adapt or accept their disability. Specialized eyewear, such as glasses or contacts, is the most effective treatment. Most colorblind individuals are able to function normally (Braddock, 2020).

Symptoms and Results of Patient 2

Identified Resolution

There is no medical cure for astigmatism, but vision loss caused by it can be corrected with lenses. Refractive surgery is an option for those seeking a long-term solution to near-sightedness or far-sightedness. The cornea is surgically enhanced to improve light concentration (Fujimoto & Kiryu, 2021).

Symptoms and Results of Patient 3

Identified Resolution

The patient has been diagnosed with dilated pupils, knee-jerk reflex issues, and poor eyesight. Vision loss, if any, is usually irreversible. Glasses, medication, or surgery may help improve vision or prevent further decline, but complete restoration is unlikely. Sunglasses, prosthetic contact lenses, and surgery are options for correcting dilated pupils. Failure in the knee reflex test suggests peripheral nervous system issues, requiring comprehensive diagnostics and testing before medication can be administered (Balakrishnan et al., 2022).

Conclusion

Routine medical check-ups should include evaluations of general physical health, the neurological system, and specific sensory abilities. Comprehensive eye exams that assess visual acuity can help identify conditions like diabetic retinopathy. Reflex testing evaluates the presence and intensity of various reflexes, while MRIs confirm the health of the nervous system and detect neuromuscular disorders.

References

Balakrishnan, A. C., Badrinarayanan, A., & Iqbal, A. (2022). Masking the red reflex of flash photography with prosthetic lenses. Eye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice. https://doi.org/10.1097/icl.0000000000000946

Braddock, C. H. (2020). Racism and bioethics: The myth of color blindness. The American Journal of Bioethics, 21(2), 28–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2020.1851812

Fujimoto, H., & Kiryu, J. (2021). Efficacy of the super-retinal imaging display based on scanning laser technology in visual impairment induced by corneal diseases. Journal of Ophthalmology and Research, 4(3), 263–278. https://fortuneonline.org/articles/efficacy-of-the-superretinal-imaging-display-based-on-scanning-laser-technology-in-visual-impairment-induced-by-corneal-diseases.html

BIO FPX 1000 Assessment 2 Neuromuscular Lab

Morthen, M. K., Magno, M. S., Utheim, T. P., Snieder, H., Hammond, C. J., & Vehof, J. (2021). The physical and mental burden of dry eye disease: A large population-based study investigating the relationship with health-related quality of life and its determinants. The Ocular Surface, 21, 107–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtos.2021.05.006

Stein, J. D., Khawaja, A. P., & Weizer, J. S. (2021). Glaucoma in adults—screening, diagnosis, and management: A review. JAMA, 325(2), 164–174. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.21899

West, C. (2023). The neurologic exam has not changed much, but new tools confirm the diagnosis. Neurology Today, 23(1), 8–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.nt.0000912456.64386.9c